ribosome

id: GO:0005840
name: ribosome
namespace: cellular_component
type: go
obsolete: False

Description: An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins.

Child Functions

idname
GO:0000313organellar ribosome
GO:0022626cytosolic ribosome
GO:0042788polysomal ribosome

Parent Functions

idname
GO:0030529ribonucleoprotein complex
GO:0043232intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle
GO:0044444cytoplasmic part