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COG Clusters of Orthologous Groups

Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) is a phylogenetic classification of proteins encoded in complete genomes.

  • Information storage and processing
    • A, RNA processing and modification
    • B, Chromatin structure and dynamics
    • J, Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis
    • K, Transcription
    • L, Replication, recombination and repair
  • Cellular processes and signaling
    • D, Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning
    • M, Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis
    • N, Cell motility
    • O, Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones
    • T, Signal transduction mechanisms
    • U, Intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport
    • V, Defense mechanisms
    • W, Extracellular structures
    • Y, Nuclear structure
    • Z, Cytoskeleton
  • Metabolism
    • C, Energy production and conversion
    • E, Amino acid transport and metabolism
    • F, Nucleotide transport and metabolism
    • G, Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
    • H, Coenzyme transport and metabolism
    • I, Lipid transport and metabolism
    • P, Inorganic ion transport and metabolism
    • Q, Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
  • Poorly characterized
    • R, General function prediction only
    • S, Function unknown

All functional systems

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